|
Troy VII, in the mound at Hisarlik, is an archaeological layer of Troy that chronologically spans from ca. 1300 to ca. 950 BC. It coincides with the collapse of the Bronze Age. It was a walled city with fortified towers reaching a height of ; the foundations of one of its towers measured 18 metres by . Manfred Korfmann, who excavated the site in the 1980s, estimated the area of Troy VII at 200,000 square metres (50 acres) or more and put its population at five to ten thousand inhabitants, which makes it "by the standards of its day a large and important city".〔Joachim Latacz. ''Troy and Homer: towards a solution of an old mystery.'' Oxford University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-19-926308-6. Page 38.〕 The city was built following the destruction of Troy VIh,〔(Troy VI ), Dartmouth College. Accessed 2010-06-09.〕 probably by an earthquake ca. 1300 BC. A number of layers are distinguished: * Troy VIIa: ca. 13th century BC * Troy VIIb1: 12th century BC * Troy VIIb2: 11th century BC * Troy VIIb3: until ca. 950 BC Troy VII was contemporary with the late period of Mycenaean culture and the Greek Dark Ages, as well as with the late Hittite Empire to Neo-Hittite times. ==VIIa== The city of the archaeological layer known as Troy VIIa, which has been dated on the basis of pottery styles to the mid- to late-13th century BC, lasted for about a century, with a destruction layer at ca. 1190 BC. It is the most often-cited candidate for the Troy of Homer and is believed to correspond to ''Wilusa'', known from Hittite sources dating to the period of roughly 1300–1250 BC. These dates correspond closely to the mythical chronology of Greece as calculated by classical authors, placing the construction of the walls of Troy by Poseidon, Apollo and Aeacus at 1282 BC and the sack of Troy by the Greeks at 1183 BC. Troy VIIa appears to have been destroyed by a war, perhaps the source of the legendary Trojan War, and there are traces of a fire. Partial human remains were found in houses and in the streets, and near the north-western ramparts a human skeleton with skull injuries and a broken jawbone. Three bronze arrowheads were found, two in the fort and one in the city. However, only small portions of the city have been excavated, and the finds are too scarce to clearly favour destruction by war over a natural disaster. Until excavations in 1988, one of the problems with this identification was that Troy VII seemed to be a hill-top fort, and not a city of the size described by Homer. The 1988 discovery of a small section of a possible city circuit wall enclosing a much larger area suggests a city "at least ten times larger than earlier excavators — and thus the broader public — had supposed".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Troy VII」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|